Hormonal
Effects Of Plant Extracts
Commonly
occurring plant flavonoids have estrogenic activity
Miksicek RJ Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State
University of New York, StonyBrook 11794-8651 Mol Pharmacol
(UNITED STATES)
Jul 1993, 44 (1) p37-43,
A
remarkable diversity of naturally occurring and synthetic
compounds have been shown to mimic the biological effects of 17
beta-estradiol by virtue of their ability to bind to and
activate the nuclear estrogen receptor. This report extends the
family of nonsteroidal estrogens to include several multiple
hydroxylated chalcones, flavanones, and flavones. The
hormone-like activity of these natural plant products is
indicated by their ability to stimulate an estrogen
receptor-dependent transcriptional response and to promote
growth of estrogen-dependent MCF7 cells in culture. The
transcriptional response can be inhibited by the steroidal
estrogen antagonist ICI-164,384 and is specific for the estrogen
receptor. Evidence is presented to show that selected
hydroxylated flavonoids interact directly with the estrogen
receptor, based on their ability to compete for the binding of
17 beta-[3H]estradiol to the receptor in cell-free extracts.
These compounds are less active, on a molar basis, than 17
beta-estradiol or the synthetic dihydroxystilbene estrogens, but
they have potencies comparable to those of other known
phytoestrogens. Together, these findings broaden our
understanding of the structure-activity relationships for
nonsteroidal estrogens and present a series of new chemical
prototypes for the future development of potentially useful
agonists and antagonists for this nuclear receptor. The wide
distribution of weakly estrogenic flavonoid pigments in food
crops and medicinal plants raises additional questions about the
possible health risks and benefits of these compounds, meriting
closer examination of their presence in the human diet.
Glycyrrhetic
acid as an active oestrogenic substance separated from
Glycyrrhiza glabra (liquorice)
Sharaf A.;
Gomaa N.; El Gamal M.H.A. Pharmacol. Dept., Nat. Res. Cent.,
Cairo EGYPT EGYPT.J.PHARM.SCI. (EGYPT) ,
1975, 16/2 (245-251)
Glycyrrhetic
acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid obtained by mineral acid
hydrolysis of glycyrrhizin present in liquorice root. When
glycyyrrhetic acid was tested for its oestrogenic activity, it
was found that it possesses an oestrogenic action when tested on
uterine weight of immature mice. The estrogenic action of 5 mg.
of glycyrrhetic acid corresponds approximately to that of 0.1
microgram of oestradiol. Moreover, glycrrhetic acid acts
synergistically with the female hormone, estradiol, on uterine
development when combined together.

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